Window guidance - essentially, the central bank increases or limits credit for certain sectors in order to incentivize their growth.

Learned from watching this documentary - The Princes of Yen | The Hidden Power of Central Banks (yt link) - , so if anyone knows if any information is wrong or misleading, please tell me so :)

Other stuff the doc mentions is that the late 1980s Japanese economic crisis was caused on purpose by the Ministry of Finance, through the Bank of Japan, by enforcing all banks to reach minimal loan quotas; all of that in order to force structural changes to the finance system, as without a crisis, there is “no reason to change the structure”